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"Theorical and computational modelisation in Neurosciences and in cognitives sciences" Frédéric Lavigne (Slides)
Mini-course
Experimental approach of sémantic treatment process: Interest of behavioral data for the neural modelisation
Frédéric Lavigne will show informally some of the questions of cognitive psychology linked with the interpretation of experimental data and their modelisation. The lesson wil particularly show informaly the basics of the study of the semantic priming process in the realtime language comprehention. Experimental research on the real time cognitive processes is confronted to the problem of the access to the neurophysiological correlates of the stimuli activity in memory. In the case of semantics processings implicated in the language comprehension for the human species, neurophysiological data (neural activity) or neuropsychological one (fIRM, EEG) are difficult to link with the behavior of the cortical network at the neuronal level or at the level of the neuronal populations.
The mental chronometry paradigm offers a interpretive framework of behavioral data. For instance, we can consider the activity response in mental representation memory to stimuli. Some neurophysiological studies on the monkey show a relationship between the response time to stimuli and the activity of the neurons which code this stimuli. This paradigm allow comparaision between similar priming protocols in the human and the monkey. The combinaison of this approaches allows the correllation of the response times with differents activity types of the neurones coding the differents stimuli. But the causal determinisms of the neural network (highlighted by neurophysiology) do not allow the reproduction of complexes process shown for human.
The network modeling approach of the cerebral cortex is used to link the processes evidenced by the response times and the functioning of a network of glutamatergic and gabaergic neurons allowing a feedback inhibitory activity and thus a bistability of activities of populations of neurons encoding stimuli. The synaptic connectivity values between the different stimuli appear as important parameters of the functioning of the models, and their estimation in the experimental protocols is central in the cognitive studies (strength of association between the concepts, frequencies of co-occurrence between the words) .The synergy between experimentation and modeling allows the simple description of constrained models, which we hope will be explicative, both neurophysiologically and cognitively.
The mental chronometry paradigm offers a interpretive framework of behavioral data. For instance, we can consider the activity response in mental representation memory to stimuli. Some neurophysiological studies on the monkey show a relationship between the response time to stimuli and the activity of the neurons which code this stimuli. This paradigm allow comparaision between similar priming protocols in the human and the monkey. The combinaison of this approaches allows the correllation of the response times with differents activity types of the neurones coding the differents stimuli. But the causal determinisms of the neural network (highlighted by neurophysiology) do not allow the reproduction of complexes process shown for human.
The network modeling approach of the cerebral cortex is used to link the processes evidenced by the response times and the functioning of a network of glutamatergic and gabaergic neurons allowing a feedback inhibitory activity and thus a bistability of activities of populations of neurons encoding stimuli. The synaptic connectivity values between the different stimuli appear as important parameters of the functioning of the models, and their estimation in the experimental protocols is central in the cognitive studies (strength of association between the concepts, frequencies of co-occurrence between the words) .The synergy between experimentation and modeling allows the simple description of constrained models, which we hope will be explicative, both neurophysiologically and cognitively.
Dates
Created on February 28, 2016